JISAO

Image of JISAO logo.

This data archive is slowly being migrated to the Center for Science in the Earch System (CSES). A good way to find a data set on this and the CSES pages is to google "jisao keyword," where keyword could be SST, or the name of a particular data set.

The data archive consists of
Gridded data sets: document spatial and temporal variability,
Key climate time series: North Atlantic Oscillation, northeast Brazil rainfall, etc.,
Links to WWW data sites: a good starting place for data sets that we don't provide,
Links to WWW sites which provide software to analyze data.




Gridded Data Sets

precipitation | surface temperature | sea-level pressure | surface vector wind & stress | miscellaneous

The gridded data sets are written in network common data form (netCDF) conforming to the Cooperative Ocean-Atmosphere Research Data Service (COARDS) standard. The COARDS netCDF standard is described in this link. A superset of the COARDS standard, called the NetCDF climate and forecast (CF) metadata convention, includes the possibility to store time series for mulitiple stations, along with their names and coordinates.

MATLAB scripts for reading and writing data in netCDF.
MATLAB scripts for reading FITS-format files.
MATLAB distributed oceanographic data system (DODS) code for reading files at other institutions.
MATLAB code for reading data written in hierarchical data format (HDF).
NOAA CDC provides both FORTRAN and IDL routines to read netCDF files.
netCDF (command line) operators (NCOs) to manipulate netCDF and HDF files
ASCII dumps of netCDF files (how to read them).
GrADS command lines for reading a netCDF file.
GrADS users:The older files were written with time specified as yyyymmddhhmmss (year, month, ...), and GrADS does not recognize this time convention. If you run into a file like this, please let me know, and I will update the time specification in the file.

If you need the data in ASCII format, let me know, and time permitting, I will see what I can do.

Precipitation
Name Temporal
Resolution
Spatial
Resolution
Range of Years Comments
Rain gauge
· DoE (Eischeid et al.)
· NCDC GHCN
· NASA GISS
· University of East Anglia
· GPCC
· GPCP
· University of Delaware
· University of Washington
· NCEP CPC

seasonal
monthly
monthly
monthly
monthly
monthly
monthly
daily
daily, monthly

4x5°

2.5°
2.5x3.75°
2.5, 1°
2.5°
0.5, 1.0 °
"50" km
0.25, 1°

1851-1989
1900-present
1850-1996
1900-98
1986-98
1979-January2005
1950-99
1949-94
1948-98

anomalies
anomalies
anomalies
totals & climatology
totals & climatology
totals
totals & climatology
Pacific Northwest
Pacific Northwest & US
Merged satellite, gauge, & model:
CMAP monthly
CMAP pentad

monthly
pentad

2.5°
2.5°

1979-Sep2004
1979-2002


Merged satellite & gauge
Legates/MSU
CAMS-OPI
GPCP monthly
GPCP pentad
GPCP daily
CMAP monthly
CMAP pentad

monthly
monthly
monthly
pentad
daily
monthly
pentad

2.5°
2.5°
2.5°
2.5, 1°

2.5°
2.5°

climatology
1979-Nov2005
1979-Sep2007
1979-Nov2006
1997-April2005
1979-Sep2004
1979-2002

Satellite estimates:
· MSU
· GPI
· SSM/I (NESDIS)
· SSM/I (RSS)
· OLR

monthly
monthly/pentad/daily
monthly
monthly
monthly

2.5°
2.5°
2.5°
0.25, 0.5°
2.5°

1979 - July 1997
1987 - May 1996
1987 - Oct 1996
1987 - Jul 2002
1974-Nov98

oceans only


totals and climatology

Surface Temperature
Name Temporal
Resolution
Spatial
Resolution
Range of Years Comments
Land only:
University of East Anglia
University of Delaware
NCDC GHCN

monthly
monthly
monthly


0.5, 1.0°


1850-present
1950-99
1880-present

anomalies
totals, climatology
anomalies
Land and ocean:
UEA / UKMO
NASA GISS
Legates and Willmott climatology
IABP / POLES
merged Arctic

monthly
monthly
monthly
monthly
monthly


2.5°
0.5, 2.5°
other, 1°


1850-present
1979-97

1979-present
1950-99




Arctic

sea surface temperature (SST):
LDEO
NCDC extended reconstructed
NCEP EOF-filtered
NCEP optimal interpolation
Concatenated NCEP EOF and OI
Sadler climatology
COADS climatology

monthly
monthly
monthly
monthly,weekly
monthly
monthly
monthly







1, 2°

1856-1991
1854-Oct2007
1950-2000
Nov1981-present
1950-May99



anomalies




tropics

Reduced resolution COADS SST and sfc. air temperature anomalies
monthly 4x6° 1800-present
Sea-Level Pressure (SLP)
Name Temporal
Resolution
Spatial
Resolution
Range of Years Comments
NCAR (Trenberth)
Reduced resolution COADS anomalies
Sadler (COADS) climatology
COADS climatology
LDEO
monthly
monthly
monthly
monthly
monthly

4x6°



1899-Feb2007
1800-Feb2006


Apr1854-1992
90-12.5N

tropics only
global

selected NCEP / NCAR reanalysis fields

pentads
monthly
2.5°
2.5°
1948-2002
1950-79 climatology

Surface or 10-m Vector Wind & Surface Vector Stress
Name Temporal
Resolution
Spatial
Resolution
Range of Years Comments
COADS Vector Sfc. Wind
monthly climatology
global, marine
Reduced resolution COADS vector sfc. wind anomalies
monthly 4x6° 1800-Feb2006
Sadler Vector Sfc. Wind
monthly climatology
tropical, marine
Sadler Vector Sfc. Stress
monthly climatology
tropical, marine
ERS-1 10-m Vector Wind
monthly 1992-95

SSM/I (RSS) 10-m wind speed
monthly 0.25, 0.5° 1987 - Jul 2002

Miscellaneous
Name Temporal
Resolution
Spatial
Resolution
Range of Years Comments
oceanic low-clouds
seasonal 2.5° climatology

COADS cloudiness
monthly climatology
global, marine
Reduced resolution COADS cloudiness anomalies
monthly 4x6° 1800-Feb2006
Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR)
monthly 2.5° 1974-Nov98
Planetary albedo
monthly climatology

MSU stratosphere and troposphere temperatures
monthly 2.5° 1979-April 2003
anomalies
Elevation data sets (land and sea)

various°
global
Tropical cyclone positions and number
daily
historical global
NOAA percentage sea ice
monthly,weekly November1981-Feb2005 version 2
selected NCEP / NCAR reanalysis fields

pentads
monthly
2.5°
2.5°
1948-2002
1950-79 climatology

SSM/I (RSS) water vapor and cloud water
monthly 0.25, 0.5°
1987 - Jul 2002

Land vegetation (NDVI)
monthly
1981-2001

SeaWiFS marine chlorophyll and aerosol
monthly, pentad 0.5,1,2.5°
1997-2002



Time Series

precipitation | surface temperature | sea-level pressure | surface wind | miscellaneous

Precipitation
Name Range of Years Comments
Global EOFs 1900-88
Equatorial Pacific MSU Index 1979-92
Tropical Pacific and non-Pacific indices from gauge data 1892-1996, 1850-96
South America
northeast Brazil
Piura Perú rainfall and river runoff

1849-2002
1932-97, 1925-96



Africa
Sahel, Soudan, Guinea Coast (Nicholson)
Sahel (Hulme)
Sahel (Mitchell)
Gulf of Guinea (Mitchell)

1901-94
1900-95
1900-2007
1899-June2001

All-India
India sub-divisions

1871-2001

1870-1997
1844-1992

1871-2001



Puget Sound Lowland (Washington State) 1931-2003
Northeastern Washington State 1931-96
Digital values for numerous stations (WMSSC) climatology
Walker and Bliss Southern Oscillation index 1875-1933
Surface Temperature
Name Range of Years Comments
Equatorial Pacific SSTs: Nino1+2, Nino3, Nino4, Nino3.4 1950-present
Eastern Eq. Pacific SST Anomalies
"Cold Tongue Index" (CTI)
1845-April 2007
Puerto Chicama Perú SST 1925-2002
Paita Perú SST 1963-May98
Global-SST ENSO index 1817-July2007
Walker and Bliss Southern Oscillation index 1875-1933
Indian Ocean SAT Anomalies 1800-2004
Tropical Land Temperature Anomalies 1851-June 1997
Global- and hemispheric-averages land, sea, and land+sea
National Climatic Data Center
University of East Anglia

1880-present
1850-present



Global-average SST ICOADS 1845-Sep2006 & EOF-based 1950-2003
Global-average marine sfc. air temperature anomalies 1854-1997
Tropical-average SST Anomalies 1854-Oct2007
"Pacific Decadal Oscillation" (PDO)
north Pacific SST anomalies
1900-present
"G", the leading principal component of SST anomaly "deviations" 1900-2005
Puget Sound Lowland (Washington State) 1931-2003
Hemispheric- and global-means (Nicholls et al.) 1856-1997
Northeastern Washington State 1931-96
Digital values for numerous stations (WMSSC) climatology
Sea-Level Pressure (SLP)
Name Range of Years Comments
Jakarta Indonesia 1841-1999
Darwin Australia (UEA, NCEP, NCAR) 1866-present
Tahiti (UEA, NCEP, NCAR) 1855-present
Southern Oscillation Index (SOI)
NCAR
NCEP
University of East Anglia
ICOADS-based
Walker and Bliss

1882-present
1866-present
1854-present
1800-present
1875-1933






North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)
Hurrell
University of East Anglia
Stephenson compilation
NCEP

1864-present
1821-present

1950-present




observed and forecast
Northern Annular Mode (NAM) / Arctic Oscillation (AO)
Colorado State University
University of Washington
NCEP

1899-2002
1948-March2006
1950-2003


same as Colorado State University
observed and forecast
Southern Annular Mode (SAM) / Antarctic Oscillation (AAO)
University of Washington
  • 850 hPa Z
  • SLP
    NCEP
    Thompson and Solomon 500hPa Z
    British Antarctic Survey (Marshall)


  • 1948-2002
    1948-Jun2005
    1979-present monthly and daily
    1969-98
    1957-present




    observed and forecast


    Surface Wind
    Name Range of Years Comments
    Eq. Pacific zonal wind 1850-Jun2005
    Eq. Pacific meridional wind 1850-Jun2005
    Miscellaneous
    Name Range of Years Comments
    Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) index 1953 - September 2001

    Walker and Bliss Southern Oscillation index
    Quinn et al. El Niño index
    1875-1933
    1525-1987


    Pacific/North American (PNA) pattern index
    Wallace and Gutzler (1981) grid-point definition
    EOF-definition

    1948-Nov01
    1948-2002



    Madden and Julian Oscillation (MJO) 1979 to mid-2002
    Tropical cyclone positions and number 1886 - present
    CO2 station records (Mauna Loa, South Pole, ...) 1958-2001 PS JPEG PNG GIF


    
    
    Useful WWW Data Sites

    Monthly-means / pentad-means / daily- and hourly means / other


    Monthly-means:

    Indian Monsoon data: vegetation and precipitation departures served by the Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies (COLA)

    Ocean portal: links to data sites, complete with reviews and maybe reader voting! Sponsored by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commision of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

    NOAA National Climatic Data Center

    Selected fields from the Japan Meteorological Agency

    UNESCO hydrological data for Latin America and the Caribbean

    "WaterWeb" search engine for hydrological data. Let me know if this is useful!

    The British Atmospheric Data Centre (BADC) provides global, gridded, historical data sets of sea surface temperatures, sea-level pressure, marine air temperature (nighttime) for academic use.

    NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) provides several global, gridded data sets: surface temperature, precipitation, clouds, aerosols, and other fields.

    The IRI/LDEO (International Research Institute for Climate Prediction / Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory) data library contains a broad selection of climate data sets.

    NASA Climatology Interdisciplinary Data Collection snow depth, soil type, vegetation indices, surface budgets, ..., a wide variety of data sets.

    A variety of upper atmosphere time series provided by Jonathan Kinnersley of the University of Washington.

    Tiempo WWW page: source of several series in the present page and references to gridded data sets.

    Pacific Island Rainfall provided by the Oklahoma Climatological Survey.

    University of East Anglia Climatic Research Unit: historical, gridded, global precipitation, SLP, surface temperature, minimum-, maximum-temperature, vapor pressure, and many other fields.

    Western Region Climate Center: digital values of climatological mean precipitation and surface temperature for the National Weather Service cooperative network stations in the western United States.

    NCEP Climate Prediction Center:
    ·El Nino / Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and general atmospheric circulation indices.
    ·reanalysis, precipitation, OLR fields

    NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory provides high spatial resolution sea surface temperatures and other, more oceanographic, fields.

    National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR): a large variety of climate data sets:
    ·free data sets available by anonymous ftp
    ·precipitation data sets (not necessarily free)
    ·oceanographic data, some of it gridded
    ·"An informed guide to climate data sets."

    NOAA Climate Diagnostics Center: the NMC Reanalysis data and the Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (COADS) in netCDF format. Also, water vapor temperature is available here.

    Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center: historical data sets.

    NASA Marshall Space Flight Center Microwave Sounding Unit temperature and ocean rainfall

    FSU Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies: near real-time monthly-mean pseudostress analyses for the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans.

    Global River Discharge Database Project (RivDIS)
    Global Runoff Data Centre (GRDC) river discharge data. Try the RivDIS site first, the GRDC folks treat data like state secrets and they are very tied to IBM technology.

    United Kingdom Meteorological Office climate data sets.

    
    
    Pentad-means:
    NOAA National Centers for Environmental Prediction: reanalysis, precipitation, OLR fields

    Selected NASA model and satellite data from SIESIP

    
    
    
    Daily- or hourly means:
    Indian Monsoon data: meteorological fields and precipitation served by the Center for Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Studies (COLA)

    Pacific Island Rainfall provided by the Oklahoma Climatological Survey.

    PMEL TAO Project hourly and daily data from moorings in the equatorial Pacific Ocean.

    National Climatic Data Center: daily, hourly, and 15-minute averages. mostly U.S., but some global.

    National Center for Atmospheric Researh: the smarter way to find data at this site might be to use a search engine with the keywards "dss.ucar.edu keyword(s)" where the keyword(s) could be daily/hourly and the variable name.

    NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory provides high spatial resolution sea surface temperatures and other, more oceanographic, fields.

    Western Region Climate Center: digital values of climatological mean precipitation and surface temperature for the National Weather Service cooperative network stations in the western United States.

    
    
    
    Other sites
    Data of various spatial and temporal scales for the Americas and surrounding ocean regions in support of the Pan American Climate Studies program.
    Annual whaling statistics for 1910-84
    Pacific fisheries data
    United Nations Global Resource Information Database (GRID) various environmental data bases (soil moisture retention, for example).

    
    
    
    Software for analyzing data

    
    
    Please send me URLs for sites with useful free software for analyzing data.
  • "Matlab Tools for Oceanographic Analysis" provided by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and the U.S. Geological Survey
  • "Pyclimate" performs SVD, EOFs, filtering, ... using the Python programming language.
  • NOAA CDC provides both FORTRAN and IDL routines to read netCDF files.
  • NCAR NCL manipulates netCDF, HDF, and GRIB format files.
    
    

    February 2008
    Todd Mitchell ( 206-685-3786, mitchell@atmos.washington.edu )
    Joe Sirott
    Data archive WWW statistics: monthly summary and yesterday's visits organized by incoming domains, pages visited, and paths taken through the data archive
    JISAO publications